Alphera Financial Services
BMW Group's third-party finance brand for independent and multi-brand dealerships. As part of the BMW Group financial services operation, Alphera is included in the FCA's investigation into DCA arrangements active during the 2007–2021 period.
Barclays Partner Finance
Barclays' consumer finance division was one of the major non-captive lenders operating in the UK car finance market during the DCA period. Barclays has significant exposure to the FCA investigation given the scale of its dealer partner network.
Black Horse Finance
A trading name of Lloyds Bank plc and one of the UK's largest car finance lenders, Black Horse is considered among the most exposed institutions in the FCA investigation. Lloyds Banking Group has already set aside significant provisions for potential motor finance compensation.
BMW Financial Services
The exclusive captive lender for BMW and MINI franchised dealerships in the UK, BMW Financial Services is included in the FCA's investigation covering its BMW Select and MINI Select PCP products. BMW Group has acknowledged the industry-wide investigation.
Close Brothers Motor Finance
Close Brothers is one of the most heavily exposed lenders in the FCA investigation. The company has paused dividend payments and taken substantial financial provisions in anticipation of compensation costs, with analysts suggesting its exposure could be existential in scale.
Ford Credit
Ford Credit is one of the UK's longest-established captive lenders, processing a very high volume of finance agreements through Ford's franchised dealer network during the DCA period. Given Ford's position as a consistently top-selling brand in the UK, the number of potentially affected agreements is significant.
Moneybarn
As a specialist lender serving customers with poor or limited credit histories, Moneybarn's involvement in DCA arrangements is considered particularly serious. Customers with fewer credit options were less able to shop around, making undisclosed commission incentives especially harmful in this segment.
MotoNovo Finance
MotoNovo Finance operated primarily through independent and used car dealerships, a segment where DCA practices were particularly widespread. The lender is included in the FCA's investigation, with a significant portion of its historical loan book potentially in scope for compensation claims.
Novuna Vehicle Finance (formerly Hitachi Capital)
Formerly known as Hitachi Capital (UK) plc before rebranding in 2022, Novuna is included in the FCA's investigation for agreements issued under the Hitachi Capital name during the DCA period. Customers will find Hitachi Capital referenced on their original finance documentation.
PSA Finance UK
The captive finance arm of Stellantis (formerly PSA Group), PSA Finance UK served the franchised dealer networks of Peugeot, Citroën, DS, Vauxhall, and Opel. As the finance provider for several of the UK's highest-volume brands, PSA Finance processed a large number of agreements during the DCA period.
Santander UK
Santander Consumer Finance is one of the UK's largest car finance providers and has been formally included in the FCA's investigation. Santander has set aside provisions for potential compensation and is considered one of the higher-exposure lenders given the volume of agreements it issued during the DCA period.
Volkswagen Financial Services
As the captive lender for VW, Audi, SEAT, Škoda, and Porsche dealerships, Volkswagen Financial Services is one of the highest-volume lenders in scope for the FCA investigation. The combined UK market share of Volkswagen Group brands means a substantial number of agreements from this period may be affected.
Can't Find Your Lender?
The lenders listed above are those most commonly associated with the FCA's investigation, but the investigation is not limited to these names. If your finance was arranged through a car dealership between January 2007 and January 2021, your lender may still be in scope even if they do not appear on this list. Use our free eligibility checker below or select "Other / Not Sure" in the claim form.